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Lubomirski's Rebellion or Lubomirski's Rokosz ((ポーランド語:rokosz Lubomirskiego)), was a rebellion against Polish King John II Casimir, initiated by the Polish nobleman, Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski. In 1665-66, Lubomirski's supporters paralyzed the proceedings of the Sejm. Lubomirski himself, with the support of part of the army and the ''levee-en-masse'' (''pospolite ruszenie''), defeated royal forces, at the Battle of Matwy (1666). The rebellion ended with the Agreement of Łęgonice, which forced the King to give up his planned reforms and the introduction of ''vivente-rege'' royal elections. Lubomirski himself, now a broken man, died soon after. == Background == Mid 17th century was one of the most tragic and difficult periods in the history of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The country was devastated by several wars, such as the Khmelnytsky Uprising, and Swedish invasion of Poland. Its international position was weakened, and the chaos was deepened by the ill-functioning system of the so-called noble democracy (see Szlachta's privileges, Golden Liberty). In 1652, the Lithuanian envoy to the Sejm, Wladyslaw Sicinski for the first time in Polish history used the Liberum veto, thus voiding the new bill, which was about to be introduced. The country was destroyed by internal conflicts of the magnates, and its central institutions did not function. King John II Casimir Vasa was aware of the condition of the Polish-Lithuanian state, and initiated an attempt to reform its institutions. In 1658, he introduced a program of improvement of the government, which stipulated, among others, voting by majority, creating a government and general tax system. The Polish Senate tentatively agreed to the reforms, creating a special commission. The problem was the issue of the royal election (see Royal elections in Poland) - the king and his supporters wanted to introduce the Vivente rege system, while his opponents disagreed. The King and his wife Marie Louise Gonzaga began to look for supporters among the nobility and the magnates. Their opponents, acting on initiative of Habsburg envoy Franz Paul de Lisola, created their own camp, with such members as Greater Poland’s Łukasz Opaliński and Jan Leszczyński, as well as Lesser Poland’s Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski. As a result, all attempts at the reform were defeated. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lubomirski's Rebellion」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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